Don't Know Much About History Pages 60-140

Don’t Know Much About History Pages 60-140

·      The French and Indian War

·      England had war time debt to pay

·      They put taxes on the colonies – sugar act of 1764

·      Stamp Act of 1765 – caused riots and boycott, by the time the law was repealed Americans were already stirred and began to revolt against the English government.

·      Townshend Acts (1767) - was boycotted so the British sent in soldiers to put down the uprising this led to the Boston Massacre

·      The troops took the jobs of the colonists in Boston and the colonists were angry so they formed a mob. This mob attacked the soldiers with snowballs. The threatened soldiers fired at the colonists and 5 died. This was used as propaganda for the revolution and to succeed from the British.

·      1773 Parliament granted a monopoly of the Tea Trade to The East India Company. Which funneled money to loyalist merchants. This led to the Boston Tea Party.

·      The Boston Tea Party covered in soot, was led by Samuel Adams and John Hancock, they boarded three tea laden ships and dumped all of the tea into harbor in protest to the monopoly.

·      Coercive Acts was passed.  Also known as the “Intolerable acts”

·      Port Bill – closed down Boston Harbor until the tea was paid for

·      Administration of Justice Act –

·      Massachusetts’s Regulating Act

·      Quebec Act

·      Quartering Act – which allowed British soldiers to demand food and shelter from colonists

·      Second Continental Congress  on May 10 1775 elected George Washington as commander of the New Continental Army

·      13 years passed between the French and Indian War and the Revolution

·      King issued a proclamation cutting colonies off from trade

·      The British, unable to get enough troops, hired German mercenaries

·      Common Sense by Thomas Paine was published and widely circulated

·      The creation of the Declaration of Independence began

·      They purposefully left slaves out of the Declaration because it was too controversial

·      Benedict Arnold is one the greatest traitors of all time.

·      He felt underappreciated and planned to give West Point to the Britihs, but was caught. He escaped and aided the British in destruction of the colonies.

·      Articles of Confederation – loosely organized Federal government. Congress lacked the power to tax

·      The colonists won because they were on their home turf, they had help from the French, they had a different military technique, and Washington survived

·      Peace of Paris – recognized America’s independence

·      The war caused debt for America

·      The thirteen states weren’t quite unified yet

·      Shay’s Rebellion – caused the end of direct State taxes, reduced court costs, and the exemption of workmen’s tools and household necessities from the debt process

·      Constitution

·      Checks and balances- allowed for no one part of the government o be completely in control. This allowed for them all to be “checked”

·      Federalist Papers

·      George Washington elected president by the electoral College

·      To determine how many representatives in the house each state got the first census took place in 1790

·      Bill of Rights guaranteed freedoms not specifically addressed in the Constitution

·      1^st Amendment:  separation of Church and States

·      2^nd Amendment: the right to keep and bear arms

·      3^rd Amendment: soldiers cannot be housed in private homes unless given consent by the owner

·      4^th Amendment: free from unreasonable search and seizure

·      5^th Amendment: requirement of a grand jury , a person cannot be tried for the same crime twice, and the protection from testifying against oneself

·      6^th Amendment: guarantees the right to a speedy, public trial

·      7^th Amendment: guarantees trial by Jury

·      8^th Amendment: prohibits “cruel and unusual punishment”

·      9^th Amendment:  covers basic rights

·      10^th Amendment: guarantees that all power not within the government or states belongs to the people

·      Supreme court was established

·      Jefferson (Republican but modern day democrat for farmers/workers) vs. Hamilton (republican/Federalist but real for merchants and bankers)

·      Hamilton made a national bank

·      During the French Revolution, the colonies made a treaty with the British to get them out of their last posts in return for aid. Parts of the treaty were considered pro British which was attacked by Jefferson’s supporters.

·    Like all politicians, Hamilton was caught in a sex/money scandal and accused of corruption. He admits to it.