PODCAST NOTES #4

(See I actually did do them)

PODCAST NOTES:

·      Conflicts over tax policies following the end of the French and Indian war quickly led to the outbreak of the American Revolution

·      Difference between war for independence and the American Revolution are two different things.

·      The fighting lasts 1775-1781 intellectual break begins in 1763

·      Distance weakened the authority of London

·      By 1763 most colonists had been born in America this weakened their idea of being a British citizen

·      They did not have connections to family, tradition and place

·      Colonists had a strong will

·      1765 – Stamp Act enraged the colonists

·      Stamp Act Congress – 9 delegates from the colonies arrived, ignored entirely by the British, beings the colonists together, shows the colonists that they have common interest. They adopted nonimportation (boycott) agreements of British goods. 

·      13 colonies – (north to south) New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut Rhode island, new york, new jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia

·      Sons of Liberty- led by Samuel Adams in Boston. They made sure that individuals were not buying British goods. They also made sure that the Stamp Act agents were not able to sell the stamps. They intimidated and drove out the officials

·      British were not making money off of the Stamp Act

·      British merchants were hit hard by the boycotts, they wanted the repeal of the Stamp Act

·      The British were upset with the colonies because the colonies wouldn’t pay for their own defense

·      1766 – Parliament repealed the Stamp Act and passed the Declaratory Act – they had the right to bind the colonists in all cases.

·      New Prime minister: Charles Townshend. Persuaded parliament 1767 to pass the Townshend acts

·      Townshend acts – were not paid directly by the individual, put taxes on glass, tea, paper… etc. Colonists were upset about paying the British taxes

·      To the British this seemed very reasonable

·      The British were upset by smuggling

·      They sent troops to Boston.

·      March 5^th 1770, 60 towns people attacked a group of British soldiers. The Soldiers defended themselves by firing into the crowd

·      Crispus Attucks died in the Boston Massacre

·      The Boston Massacre angers the public against the British because it is used as propaganda

·      The British king (George the 3^rd) wanted to reassert the power of the crown

·      Prime Minister: Lord North a “yes man” would agree with anything that the King wanted.

·      In response to the tea taxes: Committees of Correspondence. Letters informing what was going on in the individual colonies. Colonists were able to regularly communicate with each other

·      But by 1773 – nonimportation on tea was weakening. The price of tea had fallen to where it was cheaper to buy the legal tea.

·      1773 – British East India Company was in financial peril. It was given complete monopoly over the tea industry in the colonies. Colonists were upset about this. They felt that the British East Company would raise the price. This led to the Boston Tea Party

·      The Intolerable acts

·      Boston port act = closed Boston harbor until the tea was payed for. It also united the colonies because colonies would ship food to the closed off Boston colony over land.

·      Quebec Act- gave the British’s French subjects a great deal of liberty. It guaranteed the catholic religion of Quebce to be respected. Colonists dislike this.

PodCast Notes #3

PODCAST NOTES #3

·      The 18^th century in Europe contained major struggles between French, Spanish, and English to become major world powers

·      This caused WORLD WARS

·      English and French were always opposed

·      King William’s War

·      Queen Anne’s War

·      1739 war of Austrian Succession – between England and Spain (France aligned with Spain) war ended in

·      Colonists fight with Canada to get strong points

·      When war is ended, strong holdings are given back to the French in the peace treaty. This upset the colonists.

·      Ohio River valley area.

·      French had already set up military outposts, and British were moving in.

·      George Washington with 150 men scouted where the French strongholds are. He runs into the French, shots are fired, and the French and Indian war begins

·      This is unique because it starts in the colony, not the mother country

·      The British were worried that the French subjects that they had recently acquired in Nova Scotia would turn on the British. So they sent them to Louisiana. 

·      The biggest war the world has ever seen before then

·      The British did not have a huge army. So they bankrolled the military efforts of Prussia.

·      British want the colonies to pay for support. The colonists don’t like this.

·      1760 the battle of Quebec occurs – British win because the French commander fights the European way.

·      French get booted from Canada. French get to keep territories in the West Indies. The British commander of quebec learns from this when Benedict Arnold goes to attack Quebec the British governor stays in the walled city, and not come out to fight. 

·      The area of Louisiana was given to the Spanish

·      Great Britain becomes THE super power

·      The French and Indian war gives the colonists extensive battle experience

·      Fight side by side with the British soldiers

·      , makes the soldiers humans, and gives the colonists a boost of confidence

·      Reasons for disunity amongst colonies:

·      Enormous distances

·      Geographical barriers (rivers and mountains)

·      Conflicting religions

·      Varying nationalities

·      Different types of government

·      Boundary disputes

·      Backcountry vs. wealthy planters

·      Privy council – a group of advisors to the king

·      Mercantilism- the colonies of North America are supposed to economically benefit the mother country

·      Navigation laws- restricted commerce from the colonies

·      Colonists were short on money because of mercantilism

·      Barter became the norm

·      Britain forbids the colonists from printing paper money

·      Created resentment

·      When French and Indian war ended Britain asked the colonists to pay for a standing British army to prevent further wars

·      Sugar act – increased the tax on imported sugar

·      Quartering act – required food and shelter to be provided for British troops

·      Stamp Act – taxed all printed paper

·      Military courts – no juries guilty until proven innocent (this took away colonist rights)