PodCast Notes #3

PODCAST NOTES #3

·      The 18^th century in Europe contained major struggles between French, Spanish, and English to become major world powers

·      This caused WORLD WARS

·      English and French were always opposed

·      King William’s War

·      Queen Anne’s War

·      1739 war of Austrian Succession – between England and Spain (France aligned with Spain) war ended in

·      Colonists fight with Canada to get strong points

·      When war is ended, strong holdings are given back to the French in the peace treaty. This upset the colonists.

·      Ohio River valley area.

·      French had already set up military outposts, and British were moving in.

·      George Washington with 150 men scouted where the French strongholds are. He runs into the French, shots are fired, and the French and Indian war begins

·      This is unique because it starts in the colony, not the mother country

·      The British were worried that the French subjects that they had recently acquired in Nova Scotia would turn on the British. So they sent them to Louisiana. 

·      The biggest war the world has ever seen before then

·      The British did not have a huge army. So they bankrolled the military efforts of Prussia.

·      British want the colonies to pay for support. The colonists don’t like this.

·      1760 the battle of Quebec occurs – British win because the French commander fights the European way.

·      French get booted from Canada. French get to keep territories in the West Indies. The British commander of quebec learns from this when Benedict Arnold goes to attack Quebec the British governor stays in the walled city, and not come out to fight. 

·      The area of Louisiana was given to the Spanish

·      Great Britain becomes THE super power

·      The French and Indian war gives the colonists extensive battle experience

·      Fight side by side with the British soldiers

·      , makes the soldiers humans, and gives the colonists a boost of confidence

·      Reasons for disunity amongst colonies:

·      Enormous distances

·      Geographical barriers (rivers and mountains)

·      Conflicting religions

·      Varying nationalities

·      Different types of government

·      Boundary disputes

·      Backcountry vs. wealthy planters

·      Privy council – a group of advisors to the king

·      Mercantilism- the colonies of North America are supposed to economically benefit the mother country

·      Navigation laws- restricted commerce from the colonies

·      Colonists were short on money because of mercantilism

·      Barter became the norm

·      Britain forbids the colonists from printing paper money

·      Created resentment

·      When French and Indian war ended Britain asked the colonists to pay for a standing British army to prevent further wars

·      Sugar act – increased the tax on imported sugar

·      Quartering act – required food and shelter to be provided for British troops

·      Stamp Act – taxed all printed paper

·      Military courts – no juries guilty until proven innocent (this took away colonist rights)

Notes 8/20/14

Fielding -- can't watch the youtube video ... it's blocked.

The Crusades... it always starts with the Crusades

• started in the 1090's
• Knights cam into contact with new cultures 
• They were introduced to spices that they brought back to the Europeans
• Desire was formed for new cheap ways to get to said spices

 Chronological order in which the common trade routes were owned:

• Italy
• Portugal
• Spain

 Treaty of Tordesillas --> it is a treaty between two catholic nations (Spanish vs. Portugal) created by Pope Alexander the VI. It split the trade routes available to the two nations basically splitting the world in half. Spin got the better half, they just didn't know it.

Unit 1 (1491-1607)

   1491- snapshot of america before european contact

   1607 - founding of Jamestown , first successful English colony

Funfact- within the first 100 years of european invasion 90% of the natives had died

Homework: Read A Patriot's History of the United States (1-15) and summarize the differences and similarities between the English, French, and Spanish ways of colonization.


Differences: reasons for colonizing, interaction with Natives, amount of control the homeland had on the colonies

The English went to America originally to find a passage to China for spices and herbs. At first they tried to play nice with the Native population. They traded ideas and technologies with them. After discovering America they truly wanted to create a colony and focused their efforts on forming a larger more productive colony. England was overpopulated and many of it's citizens wanted to leave to escape religious persecution.

Originally the French wanted to colonize further South, but there they ran into the powerful Spain. So instead the French went North. It was very cold which discouraged quite a few settlers from coming over. Unlike the English, the settlers were in a pretty good position back home so they did not feel the need to move. This resulted in the area being much less populated. The settlers that did come over, however, soon found out that the Natives had expensive furs that they could trade for. Because they needed the natives on happy grounds for trading the French settlers treated them nicely and tried not to encroach upon the Natives' land.

The Spanish intermixed with the native population creating a whole new culture that was neither Spanish nor Native. This new culture is what we call Latino today. The Spanish crown was more focused on getting all of the gold and riches out of the mountains and into their coffers than actually forming large colonies.