Podcast notes

·      Europeans landed in North America before 1492

·      The first arrived in 985’s – Vikings first Europeans to come to North America

·      They were disbanded and forgotten for a while

·      1492 Spain, a world power, looking for trade rout with the East, overland is too expensive, they wanted spices, perfume, gold, discover new land

·      Enter Christopher Columbus, Italian, but employed by the Spanish

·      Amerigo (AMERICA) Vespucci 1499 said that the new continent Columbus found was actually a new continent and not Asia

·      Spain is still primary world power

·      John Cabot (English) – 1497 Newfoundland, but lost at sea = fail

·      English is growing as a nation so they do not send many people

·      Queen Elizabeth sends Walter Raleigh, he founds Roanoke Island 1585/1587

·      1590 Walter Raleigh leaves to get supplies and when he returns the colony is gone. Hint with Croaton

·      How the Europeans changed America

·      Disease wiped out many natives

·      Brutal and conquering of Native peoples

·      By 1600 10% of the native population in North America from 1492 were alive

·      Europeans brought over Mercantilism, the goods would be sent back to mother country (gold from South America went back to Spain not for the benefit for South America)

·      1600- Spain has a huge amount of territory in the new world (mainly in the South

·      1607- English creates Jamestown sponsored by Joint Stock Company (the Virginia Company … guarantees the settlers the same rights as Englishmen! ß important! Different than other English colonies … leads to American concept of liberty )

·      The Spanish were finding a lot of gold in Mexico so the English thought that they would find gold. Hence the reason for Joint Stock Companies

·      The Joint Stock Company was meant to be a short term deal

·      People going over to England are poor people or in debt they need to escape

·      Enclosure movement – 1500’s large landowners in England begin to fence off their property (small town farmers could not feed their herds on the grasses anymore)

·      Europeans gave the first son everything that they had. This caused second and third sons to become explorers and get rich again.

·      Jamestown was easily defendable, but was hot and swampy. – lots of mosquitos brought malaria

·      Jamestown settlers began to die of disease, malnutrition, starvation

·      Winter of 1609-1610 starving time

·      1625- 85% of colonists who had come from 1607-1625 had died

·      Troops arrive sent by Virginia Company to reinforce the colonists and to stamp out the resistance of the Natives

·      Majority of the Powhatans get wiped out

·      1644- Natives try to make one last attempt to dislodge colonists, and fail

·      1646- war ends, idea of peaceful coexistent dies

·      Reasons for defeat:

·  DISORGANIZATION: Natives were divided into tribes

·      DISEASE: They were weakened from disease

·      DISPOSABILITY: English had no use for the Natives

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